Cortex

Uses : angina,pharyngitis.as an enema useful in intestinal haemorrhages

Uses : root bark : cholecystitis,cholelithiasis,jaundice,urolthiasis.Leaves and fruits used in constipation

Uses : diuretic,diaphoretic used in rheumatism,gout,hydrops.Sprouts: aromatics,diuretic,choleretic used in kidney and liver disorders.Skin diseases by folk

Uses : whooping cough,pharyngitis,tracheitis,bronchial catarrh,diarrhoea

Uses :enter into composition of herbal teas and is used as a substitute for hammamelis leaves,in variocose veins,baricouse ulcers,phlebitis.

Uses : local edema,varicouse veins ,ulcus cruris,hemorrhoids.Flower are used as astringent and tonic.Leaves are used in the preparation of cough remedies.Bark used for preparation of aesculin

Uses : skin diseases as acne,eczema,scrophula,pyoderma and ulcers,diarrhoea,above mentioned diseases

Uses :kidney and cardiovascular diseases,gout and rheumatism,also as an adjuvant in light forms of diabet.

Uses : constipation,gallbladder and liver diseasses.by folk in bronchitis,cough,hoarseness.Also in liqueur industry

Uses : its decoction as poultice,bandage,washes or baths in skin eruptions,chilblains and sweating ,bleedings gums,stomatitis.

Uses : common cold and grippe infections,fever,rheumatism,light headcache